A syntax for extracting values from arrays or properties from objects into distinct variables. Destructuring simplifies code and is commonly used in function parameters, imports, and React hooks.

A reusable, self-contained piece of UI in React. Components accept inputs (props) and return JSX describing what should appear on screen. Can be functions (recommended) or classes.

Data that a component manages internally and can change over time. When state updates, React re-renders the component. Use useState for simple state and useReducer for complex state logic.